Cornelius Saddington (?1637 - ?)

The aim of this post is to bring together a number of different sources which appear to relate to the same individual with the objective of providing a basis for future research.

The individual concerned is one Cornelius Saddington. Cornelius is an unusual first name in the first instance, and even more so for Saddingtons to the best of my knowledge.

The IGI documents the baptism of a Cornelius Saddington on 5 September 1637 in the Church of St Mary the Virgin, Lutterworth, Leicestershire. He was the son of Henry Saddington and his wife, Anne. There are also references to an Anne Saddington, daughter of Henry, baptised 13 July 1628; a Nathaniell Saddington, son of Henry, baptised 24 August 1632; a Sara Saddington, daughter of Henry, baptised 15 November 1633; a Joseph Saddington, son of Henry, baptised in 1634; and a Ruth Saddington, daughter of Henry and Anne, baptised 19 May 1639. Six baptisms over an 11 year period seems quite reasonable for a family of that period.

The first few years of Cornelius' life remain a blur. The Civil War was being fought, with the Battle of Edgehill (about midway between Stratford upon Avon and Banbury), the first major battle in the Civil War, taking place in 1642, when Cornelius was between 4 and 5 years old, and the execution of King Charles 1 in 1649, when Cornelius was about 12 years old.

According to the minutes of the Society of the Apothecaries of London, when Cornelius was probably about 14 years old, he was apprenticed to an apothecary in Coventry, one Thomas Pigeon, of whom nothing more is currently known. His apprenticeship would have lasted for 7 years, during which time he would have lived in his master's household and learned the trade of apothecary.

On 30 September 1661, according to the IGI, Cornelius married Mary Gregory, daughter of Loveisgod Gregory of Stivichall, Warwickshire, at Holy Trinity Church, Coventry. He would then have been about 24 years old. The Gregorys of Stivichall were a well known local family with quite considerable estates, so Cornelius must have been doing well for himself, or come from a similar background, to be able to marry into such a family.

In January 1662/63, Cornelius was living in Ashby de la Zouch, Leicestershire, described as a mercer and apothecary, which is an unusual combination of trades. However, on 14 March 1664, he was baptising his son, Cornelius, at the Church of St Andrew, Holborn, London. Yet, less than a month later, on 5 April, he is back in Ashby de la Zouch, described as an apothecary only, signing a receipt relating to his wife's inheritance.

The following year, by 27 October 1665, the family has moved to London, where Cornelius is still described as an apothecary, and is signing a quitclaim and an acquittance in relation to his wife's marriage portion, which appears to have amounted to £400, which would be just under £46,000 at 2006 prices. This was the year that the Great Plague started in London and then spread throughout the country.

The family survived both the plague and the Great Fire of London of 1666. Cornelius and Mary's son, Samuell, was baptised at St Andrew's, Holborn on 18 July 1667.

Then on 15 September 1668, Cornelius Saddington was examined as to his fitness to be an apothecary by Thomas Wharton, censor. He then presented himself to the Society of Apothecaries of London on 22 December 1668, with an "order" from the Lord Mayor of London, in which was indicated his desire to become a Freeman of the Society by Redemption, in the same way as Bateman Saddington of Appleby Magna, Leicestershire, did in 1758 (see my post on 31 August 2007). Unfortunately, the Society were not impressed and told him to go away and "better himself".

When Cornelius returned to the Society on 2 March 1670 for re-examination, he was "approved and found qualified to sell medicines". However, he was not made a Freeman of the Society, which seems to indicate that he was not considered completely up to scratch by the experts.

The last that is currently known about Cornelius Saddington is the baptism of his son, Grigory, at St Andrew's, Holborn, on 2 December 1670. At this point, Cornelius would have been 33 years old, and would have lived through some of the great events in British history. A lot of research remains to be done on Cornelius Saddington, his background and his family.

The information contained in this post has been amassed from the following sources: International Genealogical Index, Shakespeare Birthplace Trust Records Office (records of the Gregory Family of Stivichall, Warwickshire), Society of Apothecaries of London, and "The History of Medical Education in Britain", edited by Vivien Nutton and Roy Porter (specifically the article entitled 'An Examined and Free Apothecary' by Juanita Burnby), for access to which I thank the British Library and the Inter-Library Loan System.